Water Level Indicator with Single 7 Segment LED Display

This is an unique water level indicator circuit which use 7 segment LED display to show the current water level in the water tank. Most water level indicator circuits for water tanks are based upon the number of LEDs that glow to indicate the current level of water in the water tank / container. This circuit is the “digital version” of the water-level indicator. It utilized a 7-segment LED display to show the water level in numeric form from “0” to “9”. The circuit works off 5V regulated power supply. It is built around priority encoder IC 74HC147 (IC1), BCD-to-7-segment decoder IC CD4511 (IC2), 7-segment LED display LTS543 (DIS1) and a few discrete components. Due to high input impedance, IC1 senses water in the water container from its nine input terminals. The inputs are connected to +5V via 560-kilo-ohm resistors.

The ground terminal of the sensor must be placed and maintain at the bottom of the container (water tank). IC 74HC147 has nine active-low inputs and converts the active input into active-low BCD output. The input L-9 has the highest priority. The outputs of IC1 (A, B, C and D) are fed to IC2 via transistors T1 through T4. This logic inverter is used to convert the active-low output of IC1 into active-high for IC2. The BCD code received by IC2 is shown on 7-segment display LTS543. Resistors R18 through R24 limit the current through the 7 segment LED display.

When the water tank is empty condition, all the inputs of IC1 remain high. As a result, its output also remains high, making all the inputs of IC2 low. Display LTS543 at this stage shows “0”, which means the water tank is empty condition. Similarly, when the water level reaches L-1 position, the display shows “1”, and when the water level reaches L-8 position, the display shows “8”. Finally, when the tank is full, all the inputs of IC1 become low and its output goes low to make all the inputs of IC2 high. Display LTS543 now shows “9”, which means the water tank is full condition.

Build this water level indicator circuit on a common-used PCB and enclose in a box. Mount the 7-segment LED LTS543 on the front panel of the box. For sensors L-1 though L-9 and ground, you can use corrosion-free conductive-metal (stainless-steel) strips. EFYmag