This is the simple and low cost pulse width modulation – PWM DC motor controller using a MOSFET. This kind connection for DC motor control is to prevent heat and minimize the power consumption. It controls the motor speed by driving the motor with short pulses. These pulses vary in duration to change the speed of the motor. The longer the pulses, the faster the motor turns, and vice versa.
PWM DC Motor Controller Component List
- R1 1 Meg 1/4W Resistor
- R2 100K Potensiometer
- C1 0.1uF 25V Ceramic Disc Capacitor
- C2 0.01uF 25V Ceramic Disc Capacitor
- Q1 IRF511 MOSFET or IRF620
- U1 4011 CMOS NAND Gate
- S1 DPDT Switch
- M1 Motor (See circuit notes)
- MISC Case, Board, Heatsink, Knob For R2, Socket For U1
PWM DC Motor Controller Circuit Notes
- R2 potensiometer to vary the speed of the oscillator and therefore the speed of M1.
- M1 can be any DC motor that operates from 6V and does not draw more than the maximum current of Q1. The voltage can be increased by connecting the higher voltage to the switch instead of the 6V that powers the oscillator. Be sure not to exceed the power rating of Q1 if you do this.
- Mount a heatsink on Q1 MOSFET.
- Q1 in the parts list can handle a maximum of 5A. Use the IRF620 for 6A, if you need any higher.